The calculated distance (air line) between Kaspiyskiy and Makhachkala is approximately 167 miles respectively 269 kilometers.
By car or train, the actual journey to Makhachkala is certainly longer, as only the direct route (as the crow flies) between Kaspiyskiy and Makhachkala has been calculated here.
Air line (approximately)
269 kilometers
145 nautical miles